Prevalence of urinary tract infections and sterile pyuria among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections and sterile pyuria among patients in the nephrology
department with chronic kidney disease.
Methodology: It is a prospective observational study carried out in six months at Dow University Hospital in Karachi and
involving 263 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with ages between 18 and 92 years. To analyze the data, we
used SPSS Statistics version 25 offered by IBM. To identify any risk factors, the research team analyzed the information
using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, stratified analysis, and logistic regression.
Results: Pyuria was present in 30.4 % of those tested, and 12.9 % were found to have UTIs, but 17.5 % were positive
for sterile pyuria. It was observed that CKD stage had a strong relationship with sterile pyuria (p = 0.010), but not UTIs (p
= 0.436). No statistically significant differences were identified when the group was compared according to age (adults
vs. children). The age seems to be slightly related to sterile pyuria with a p-value of 0.056. Among such culture-positive
cases, the greatest number was attributed to bacteria known as Escherichia coli, which infected 50.0 % of the patients.
Conclusion: Sterile pyuria is very common among patients with CKD and is strongly associated with the severity of the
disease. The occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria affecting the urinary tract Infections is of great concern.
The findings imply that future research on larger populations should be conducted to investigate the implications of
these findings on patient care and outcomes.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Escherichia coli, Urinary tract infection, Sterile pyuria.