Correlation of Urinary Protein & Serum Uric Acid with Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between urinary protein and serum uric acid levels with serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in patients with chronic kidney disease who are not yet on dialysis.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study performed in the Department of Nephrology at Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 10th December 2025 to 10th June 2026. Using non-probability consecutive sampling, 87 pre-dialysis pa-tients with chronic kidney disease were selected. Enrolled were patients between the ages of 18 and 60, with an esti-mated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 15 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m². Structured proforma used for recording demo-graphic, clinical and laboratory data. Blood and urine samples were subjected to usual hospital procedures for evalua-tion.
Results: The average age was 30.59 ±8.71 years. Most patients were females and at Stage IV of CKD. The median for the daily urinary protein concentration was 162.50 mg. The average serum uric acid level was 5.30 ± 1.11 mg/dL. The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 16.58 ±5.98 ng/mL. Vitamin D exhibited a substantial negative cor-relation with urinary protein (r = -0.691, p < 0.001). Additionally, serum uric acid demonstrated a substantial negative correlation (r = -0.675, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: In pre-dialysis CKD patients, S-25-HD levels were decreased when urinary protein and serum uric acid were elevated. Early risk assessment may be facilitated by these markers.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Pre-dialysis; Proteinuria; Uric acid; Vitamin D.