Effects of Piperine on Relative Tissue Weight Index of Ovaries and Gonadotropin Levels in Female Albino Rats.
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of piperine on ovarian relative tissue weight index and serum gonadotropin levels in adult female albino rats.
Methodology: This experimental study was conducted at the department of Anatomy, Niazi Medical and Dental Col-lege, Sargodha, over a period of four-month period from September 2025 to December 2025. Thirty adult female Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups (each group 10 rats): Group A (control; normal saline), Group B (piperine 5 mg/kg/day) and Group C (piperine 10 mg/kg/day). Drugs were given orally for 30 days daily. Body and ovarian weights were recorded to calculate RTWI. Serum levels of FSH and LH were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test were used to measure the group differences.
Results: A significant increase in ovarian Relative Tissue Weight Index (RTWI) was observed after piperine treatment, with the highest values recorded in the 10 mg/kg group (p < 0.001). Serum FSH and LH levels were significantly in-creased in piperine-treated groups, particularly in Group C (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Piperine induces dose-dependent ovarian toxicity with altered RTWI, structural ovarian damage and signif-icant disruption of gonadotropin secretion. Therefore, prolonged or high-dose piperine exposure can disturb female re-productive function.
Keywords: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovaries; Piperine; Relative Tissue Weight Index.
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