Association of Dyslipidemia & Chronic Kidney Disease Presenting to Tertiary Care Hospital.

Abstract

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk. Evidence describing lipid abnormalities across CKD stages remains limited. To determine the frequency of LDL-C/HDL-C-defined dyslipidemia and assess its association with CKD stage among patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 84 patients aged 20–80 years with CKD stages 3–5 admitted to the medical units of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Patients were enrolled through non-probability consecutive sam-pling. A fasting lipid profile was measured. The primary dyslipidemia outcome was defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥115 mg/dL and/or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ≤40 mg/dL. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were assessed separately as secondary lipid abnormalities. Data were analysed using com-parative tests and binary logistic regression. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: LDL-C/HDL-C-defined dyslipidemia was present in 66 patients (78.6%). Its frequency increased from 68.0% in stage 3 and 69.2% in stage 4 to 93.9% in stage 5 CKD (p=0.022). Median LDL-C increased across the stages (p=0.035), while median HDL-C decreased (p=0.001). Patients with dyslipidemia had a lower median estimated glomer-ular filtration rate than those without dyslipidemia (15.8 versus 26.2 mL/min/1.73 m²; p=0.008). After adjustment for age, gender, diabetes mellitus, and current lipid-lowering therapy, stage 5 CKD remained associated with LDL-C/HDL-C-defined dyslipidemia (adjusted odds ratio 6.20, 95% confidence interval 1.29–29.89; p=0.023).
Conclusion: LDL-C/HDL-C-defined dyslipidemia was common and increased with advancing CKD. Regular lipid assess-ment is particularly important in stage 5 disease.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Dialysis; Dyslipidemia; Lipid profile; Renal function